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Yoshua Bengio, a computer scientist considered one of the \u201cgodfathers of AI\u201d for his help in pioneering the deep learning systems that underpin today\u2019s AI models, has been warning about the risks of the technology he helped to create for years. Now, he says new models like Anthropic\u2019s Mythos demonstrate why international institutions urgently need to work together to address AI\u2019s potential dangers.<\/p>\n
Anthropic\u2019s newest model, Claude Mythos, is said to represent a major step forward in cybersecurity, identifying thousands of previously unknown \u201czero-day\u201d vulnerabilities. Zero-days are bugs in software that are unknown to the programmers who have created that software which could enable hackers to bypass security controls and potentially steal vital data.<\/p>\n
However, the company has said that because these capabilities are dual-use\u2014and could enable sophisticated cyberattacks capable of disrupting critical global infrastructure\u2014it is only releasing the system to a small group of firms to give them a head start in securing vital systems.<\/p>\n
That initial group of companies Anthropic chose to share Mythos with were all American-based technology firms whose software underpins a lot of the world\u2019s critical systems. The company has also briefed the U.S. government on the technology and is in the process of beginning to provide some U.S. government departments and agencies with access to the model.<\/p>\n
While some have praised the company\u2019s caution in opting for a highly-circumscribed release of Mythos, the decision has raised uncomfortable questions about the concentration of power in the hands of just a single U.S. company. Anthropic alone decided with whom it would share Mythos. That has left many businesses and governments excluded from that initial cohort begging for access so they too can safeguard their systems. The situation has hammered home to many why responsibility for AI governance needs to be shared much more broadly and internationally. <\/p>\n
\u201cIt doesn\u2019t make sense that private individuals are deciding the fate of infrastructure for everyone else,\u201d Bengio said in an interview with Fortune. \u201cWhat about all the companies and all the countries that didn\u2019t get access?\u201d<\/p>\n
Bengio, who has won the Turing Award, considered computer science\u2019s equivalent of the Nobel Prize, is hardly the only one urgently asking that question. The Bank of England, for example, pressed Anthropic for access to Mythos for U.K. banks, publicly announcing that the company had assured it these institutions would begin to get access to the model this coming week. Discussions at the IMF and World Bank spring meetings, currently taking place in Washington, were unexpectedly dominated by concerns over Mythos\u2019 capabilities. Policymakers warned that systems like Mythos could expose weaknesses across the global banking system, while regulators and executives\u2014particularly in Europe\u2014said they had yet to gain access to the model or fully understand the scale of the vulnerabilities it has uncovered.<\/p>\n
For many outside the U.S., Mythos is likely to accelerate an already burgeoning desire for \u201cAI sovereignty\u201d\u2014a term which generally refers to having AI capabilities and infrastructure that are not dependent on companies and governments located outside that country. Many places are particularly wary of being overly-dependent on American tech at a time when the U.S. government has become a less reliable ally and has shown a willingness to weaponize supply chain bottlenecks to achieve other policy objectives. There is also concern about being beholden to just a handful of American tech CEOs.<\/p>\n
Meanwhile in Washington, the U.S. government is moving to secure its own access to the powerful model. In a memo reviewed by Bloomberg, the White House Office of Management and Budget told Cabinet departments this week that it is setting up protections to allow federal agencies\u2014including Defense, Treasury, Commerce, Homeland Security, Justice, and State\u2014to begin using a version of Mythos, with more details expected \u201cin the coming weeks.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n
The push comes despite an ongoing legal fight between Anthropic and the Pentagon, which earlier this year declared the company a supply chain threat over a dispute about AI safeguards. (Anthropic has been challenging that designation in court.) According to a report from Axios, Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei is scheduled to meet White House chief of staff Susie Wiles on Friday in an effort to resolve the on-going dispute.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Bengio is urging far greater international coordination in response to the fresh cybersecurity risks, including the creation of a regulatory body similar to the Food and Drug Administration to oversee the development and deployment of advanced AI systems. He argued that governments\u2014particularly the U.S.\u2014should place clearer obligations on companies developing these models to ensure their technologies do not inadvertently harm critical infrastructure in other countries, and that oversight of such high-stakes decisions cannot be left to private actors alone.<\/p>\n
\u201cThere needs to be an agency really in charge of overseeing these kinds of decisions,\u201d he said. \u201cAs the power of AI continues to grow, this question of international commitment becomes pressing. There\u2019s no reason that it\u2019s going to limit itself to attacking U.S. infrastructure or U.S. citizens. So this has to be an international affair.\u201d<\/p>\n
The open-source question<\/p>\n
Bengio also said an agreement with China needed to be part of any meaningful global response. The U.S. and China are locked in an aggressive race for AI supremacy.\u00a0<\/p>\n
While Bengio estimated that leading Chinese AI models are likely lagging their U.S. counterparts in raw capabilities by roughly six months, he stressed that the gap does little to reduce the underlying risk.\u00a0<\/p>\n
China is also making rapid progress in open-source models\u2014systems where the underlying model parameters and code are made publicly available\u2014which Bengio warned could ultimately pose an even greater danger than powerful systems like Mythos.<\/p>\n
Unlike proprietary models, these open-source systems can be downloaded, modified, and run by anyone. Bengio said that means the safety guardrails companies build in\u2014such as filters designed to block malicious requests\u2014can simply be stripped away by users, leaving little to prevent misuse.\u00a0<\/p>\n
As models become more capable at identifying and exploiting software vulnerabilities, he warned that releasing them openly could hand powerful cyber capabilities directly to bad actors.<\/p>\n
The concern isn\u2019t limited to open-source AI. Bengio warned that the broader tradition of open-source software\u2014long considered a pillar of internet security\u2014is also being reshaped by these capabilities. <\/p>\n
For decades, open-source software\u2014where code is publicly available\u2014has been seen as more secure, because it allows more developers to inspect and fix vulnerabilities. But highly capable AI systems can now scan that same public code at scale to identify weaknesses far faster than humans, potentially turning widely used open infrastructure into a prime target. While Bengio, a long-time advocate of open-source, said open systems still offer important transparency and democratic benefits, in an era of AI-assisted cyber offense, they can also become a serious liability.<\/p>\n
#cybersecurity #capabilities #require #urgent #international #cooperation #godfather #Bengio<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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